Homicide Investigation Techniques Essay Example for Free

Murder Investigation Techniques Essay Theoretical Murder examinations are begun when there is a dubious demise, there is exact advances that ought to be followed during a homicide examination. With the goal that the case can be brought to court and indicted proof is gathered, suspects and witnesses are met. The law authorization staff that take an interest in a homicide examination are separately prepared to deal with and process proof; this incorporates insurance of the wrongdoing scene and affirms in court. Meanings of crimes and murder The two offenses that is grouped, as crime is murder and homicide; homicide is executed in one of three different ways; slaughtering another person with plan, yet where consistence, for example, loss of control, diminished duty, or perpetrating self destruction by method of a concordat. Carrying out a wrongdoing where an individual is slaughtered by net carelessness, net given the danger of death and conduct as an unlawful demonstration including a risk that brought about the passing of another human. Murder or crime is the illicit executing with perniciousness and thinking ahead of another human; this is normally viewed as a planned perspective and separate homicide from homicide, in light of the fact that the individual arranged the homicide with aim, (Osterburg, J. W. Ward, R. H. 2010). Wrongdoing Scene Assessment With the appearance of the principal law requirement official at a wrongdoing scene, there are exacting procedurals rules. The principal official to show up at a wrongdoing scene attempts to confine anybody that could be an observer/suspect. It is the duty of this official to tie down the wrongdoing scene to shield the wrongdoing scene from getting polluted and the loss of proof. With the appearance of the examiner that will assume responsibility for the wrongdoing scene, the official will detail all data procured from conceivable observer or suspects. The agent will archive the wrongdoing scene with pictures, portrays, notes and even video of the proof and encompassing territory. After the stroll through, the agent starts figuring a hypothesis of the wrongdoing concentrating on the movements of occasions to incorporate areas and places of those present during the wrongdoing. All proof is gathered and organization to the lab for examination, (Osterburg, J. W. Ward, R. H 2010). What is Victimology? Victimology is the investigation of issues contributing to the heightening in casualty detectable quality, attributes and components, mistreatment and its persuasions, and victim’s responses to abuse. Through this researcher considers physical, expressive and financial damage individuals endure as a result of unlawful exercises. Casualties are people that experience misfortune, injury or hardship due to a criminal demonstration. Victimology utilizes abstract way to deal with distinguish, characterize and portray the issues related with being a casualty (Karmen 2012). End Indeed, even with the most exposed wrongdoings throughout the entire existence of the Unites States Criminal Justice System, police can capture, yet they explore first. The agents must discover the reason for and time of death. Agents characterize an effective manslaughter examination as the one where a culprit is pinpointed, arraigned and sentenced for the wrongdoing.

Write Policy memos about suitable topic you can choose in Saudia Essay

Compose Policy updates about reasonable subject you can pick in Saudia Arabia, I connection the paper has a headings you should follow - Essay Example andards rehearses while selecting outside specialists for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; they don't educate the transient laborers about the genuine pay rates and working conditions; rather, they lie to them. In this reminder, an endeavor has been made to feature misuse and abuse the vagrant laborers face, and it is the motivation behind this notice the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) must observe the situations of outside specialists and follow up on the proposals gave in the paper. The current Kafala (sponsorship) framework fills misuse and abuse of the vagrant laborers in the nation. Under the Kafala framework, the vagrant laborers are tied by the employer’s assent and wish; the business expect position to recruit transient specialists and to concede authorizations to laborers to enter, move, or leave Saudi Arabia. The current states of the Kafala framework broaden considerable control over the laborer. As per the measurements branch of Saudi Arabia, more than 8 million transient laborers work in the nation (Ghafoor). Aggregately, this figure is 33% of Saudi Arabia’ complete populace. The transients for the most part originate from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Philippines. They offer their administrations in the segments, for example, wellbeing, household administration, development, and different business parts. Human Rights Watch report keeps up that real measurements of household laborers significantly fluctuate in the nation. The report features that such information are not publically accessible and thus it turns out to be trying to depend on the gave insights and, simultaneously, search out the enlisted laborers too. Besides, the report features that the businesses stay less slanted to get a national personality card, known as iqama, for transient residential specialists. Nonetheless, the reports plainly demonstrates that roughly 30,000 to 40,000 vagrant specialists come each month in the realm through various enrollment operators and

Alibaba

Alibaba © Shutterstock.com | GongToAlibaba is an online e-commerce giant and continues to dominate the market in China. In this article, we will look at 1) what is Alibaba,  2) selling successfully on Alibaba,  3) advantages of selling on Alibaba,  4) precautions,  and 5) successful sellers on Alibaba.WHAT IS ALIBABA?The CompanyAlibaba is a group of e-commerce business created by Jack Ma and based in Hangzhou. The businesses within Alibaba include business-to-business online web portals, online retail services, online payment services, s shopping search engine and cloud computing services. The platform was started in an effort to connect Chinese manufacturers with buyers around the world.Alibaba offers three main services. These include Alibaba which is a portal for sales between importers and exporters globally. Services are in English on this portal. The second service is a Chinese portal performing the same function domestically. The third service is a retail website by the name of AliEx press which lets individual buyers purchase smaller quantities at wholesale prices.The company expanded to include a consumer to consumer platform similar to eBay known as Taobao. Taobao has close to a billion items listed and is one of the 20 most visited websites globally. 60 percent of all parcels delivered in China are because of the sites within the Alibaba Groups domain. Alibaba also offers Alipay which is an online payment escrow service. This service accounts for nearly half of all online payments within China.The company sold items close to $170 billion in sales in 2012 which was more than eBay and Amazon combined. Alibaba group scheduled a planned IPO on 5 September 2014 by filing with the US Securities and Exchange Commission. A share price was set between $60 and 66 per share. The final price is determined after an international roadshow. The listing with the New York Stock Exchange is expected to raise over $20 billion, exceeding Facebook as the largest technology listi ng in US history. The roadshow will begin in the US with major cities as New York, Boston, Balitimore, Los Angeles and San Francisco on the list. International locations such as Singapore, Hong Kong and London are also on the agenda. The roadshow is planned from September 5 to September 18 with the aim of gauging investor interest in the IPO and share price.The Business ModelA mix of Amazon, eBay and PayPal, Alibaba Group and its companies dominate the Chinese e-commerce market. The platform takes some elements from different e-commerce platforms with its own Chinese flavor. Alibaba primarily acts like a middleman, both connecting buyers and sellers with each other and helping facilitate their transactions.Alibaba’s business model is unique in that it does not take any ownership of inventory or stock it anywhere. It only provides a virtual marketplace that connects buyers and sellers. In absolute terms, it has substantially less revenue than Amazon, but with almost no overhead cos ts, it is extremely profitable while Amazon barely is.Since Chinese retailers are less widespread, Alibaba has the opportunity to collaborate with these retailers to offer more customers more choices in buying their products.Sellers on Alibaba pay for advertising their items and for special services instead of a per sale cost. This is a very attractive proposition for sellers as they can sell items at a lower cost. Additionally, Alibaba has closed its search function and items can only be searched for within the website. This protects customers from being poached and also eliminates the need to spend on appearing on top of search engine results.Alibaba.com Business Tips: Finding Suppliers and Manufacturers HOW TO SELL SUCCESSFULLY ON ALIBABAThough it is easy to become part of the seller community on Alibaba, some effort needs to be put in to sell successfully. Some tips to achieve this include:Become a Gold Supplier: It is free to become a member and sell products on Alibaba. Potent ial buyers though, will not discover you unless you become a gold supplier. This membership service is the main source of revenue for the platform. Through this membership, a seller gets access to additional features including a buyer seller matching service. This also improves seller ranking in the Alibaba search engine.Proactively Approach Buyers: As a verified or gold supplier, a seller can search for the right buyers and contact them with a quote for the product that they are in the market for. This allows more power to a supplier to gain business rather than wait to be approached.Know the Market: Whether selling to Chinese customers or selling to international ones, it is a good idea to understand the market and the product on offer. In some cases, the offering may need to be adjusted to fit the customer’s requirements.Add Strong Photos: It is vital to add clear, well positioned and good quality images to accompany product listings. When buyers cannot experience a product bef ore purchasing the next best alternate is to allow them access to good photographs of the products.Add Good Descriptions: Necessary specifications, measurements, dimensions, material information and features and benefits should be clearly listed to provide prospective buyers with all the relevant information that they may need before making a purchase decision.Allow Multiple Languages: Alibaba offers multi language sites that allow sellers access to a larger client base by catering to those who may not be comfortable transacting in English.Target Specific Customers: By targeting everyone, you end up targeting no one. So it is a good idea to identify the right audience and sell to those people.List Multiple Products: More products will mean higher visibility in the Alibaba product search. Buyers also seem to be more attracted to sellers with a variety of products on offer rather than a sparse page.Provide Seller Description: Buyers will be more likely to buy from sellers who have pro vide information about themselves. This information includes a history, main markets, products, production capabilities and similar details. It is a good idea to offer translations in a few other major languages.List Certifications Compliance Reports: Several buyers from different parts of the world specifically those from the European Union have to comply with high product standards. Compliance to these standards may seem like an additional hassle but is a sign of good quality and reliability.Provide Reliable Customer Service: A customer is likely to choose to buy from a seller who responds quickly, politely and helpfully to any queries pre and post purchase. It is a good idea to always be courteous and quick in responding to any customer queries. This good service could be the difference between a one-time dissatisfied customer and a repeat customer who turns into more of a business partner.Create a Desirable Product Offering: There are hundreds of sellers often selling the same or similar items. In order to differentiate yourself from them, try to offer something different from the others whether it is more information, lower prices or special offers.Provide Informative Literature: If applicable, make sure that any informative material related to your product is available for the customers to access and use whenever needed.Ask for Referrals: Referrals are a good way to get new business and it is a smart plan to ask proactively for these from existing customers and partners.Use Special Tools: Alibaba offers a real time statistical tool to analyze business trends. This helps manage online marketing successfully. The tool offers sellers the opportunity to assess online performance, understand buyer behavior and maximize return on investment. Users can access detailed graphs, trends, industry averages as well as personalized advice to grow the business.ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SELLING ON ALIBABAThere are many advantages of through selling on Alibaba.com . These include the following.AdvantagesEffective Promotion Methods: One of the advantages of Alibaba are that products are promoted effectively. Alibaba charges sellers for the benefit of using their promotion methods. This ensures that customers see your product specifically when they search for related items. The additional costs of marketing a brand separately are reduced as the platform takes care of this for a seller.Additional Features: Alibaba offers many tools and features which are also paid for by the seller. These include a search engine, link engine, trade manager, e-shop, forums and live help. There is also a connection tool that joins buyers and sellers together according to search criteria.AliPay: A secure system, created and managed by the Alibaba group, AliPay is a popular online payment system. It accounts for a large chunk of all online transaction payments in China.Learning Support: Forums offer support and learning opportunities to new sellers and beginners. T he basics of global trade and online systems are available at these forums. There are also options to ask experts for information and advice at no additional charges.Global Access: The website is the largest online presence in China and a significant player in the global e-commerce arena. This allows access to a large number of sellers and buyers.Better Fee Structure: The website charges for promotional services and additional fees rather than a setup cost or a per item charge. This allows sellers to gain better margins and sell at better pricesDisadvantagesThough we tried to find information on the possible disadvantages of selling or even buying on Alibaba, this information was difficult to come by. One reason could be that the major chunk of its users are Chinese and so post in their own language. This point also has the potential for turning into the biggest disadvantage of selling on Alibaba because unless one is fluent in Chinese, it may be difficult to effectively communicate with customers.Those of our readers who have had experience buying or selling on Alibaba are welcome to add their experiences in the comments section.PRECAUTIONS There is always the threat of scams when conducting transaction online and globally. While selling or buying on Alibaba, it is a good idea to stay vigilant and keep an eye on the following:Review Company ProfileBefore getting into business with a seller, it is important to read through the company profile and take a look at verified information. Items such as the company name, business type, certifications etc can help understand whether the listed business is reliable or not.Review CertificationsThis is a necessary step to ensure that the product was manufactured according to specific rules and regulations that may be necessary before the product is further sold in other countries.Look for SpecialistsIf a seller lists only a small number of random articles or too much variety in what they are selling, then there is a high risk of questionable reliability. A good manufacturer will most probably focus on producing specific categories of products and these will be clearly visible in their listings.ALIBABA SUCCESS STORIESInmanInman is a women’s clothing line that has become one of China’s top online retailers since 2008. Owned by the Guangzhou Huimei Fashion Company, the brand sells cotton and linen apparel for women. The company began as a manufacturer for clothes for other brands and when business slowed during the global financial crisis, Inman was created to build an individual online presence. The aim behind this was to keep overhead costs low as they are significantly less for an online store than from a physical store presence.The company has been doing extremely well online, selling its products through Alibaba.com. The parent company has acquired a new clothing brand along with the existing presence. The Alibaba website offers a chat service where customers can talk to sellers to ask for in formation and even negotiate prices. There is also the option to rate sellers and post public comments which is a good way to attract new customers.Kritter KommunityA pet lover, Lisa Illman is the founder and president of Kritter Kommunity a business born of her love for animals. Always on a lookout for ways to allow her pets to enjoy the sunshine and fresh air while living in an urban environment, she came up with the idea for a Kritter Kondo. The planned pet enclosure needed to be big enough for a small pet or two but small enough to store in the limited space available to most city dwellers. The product needed to be quick to set up and close down.Illman worked with a local engineer to work out the manufacturing details of her design and set out to find a cost effective manufacturer who could help create a prototype. She worked to find a manufacturer within the United States with little luck as she couldn’t connect with one interested in making the item for her.While conducting research online, she stumbled upon Alibaba.com and conducted some cautious research into the viability of this avenue. She had never considered the possibility of sourcing online and was apprehensive about the endeavor. Her experience was that the website is simple to navigate and easy to identify and contact possible business partners. There is little or no language barrier and manufacturers are very helpful.Illman picked a supplier following her research and began her long distance partnership. Over the course of several emails, trust was established and work continued on pricing, design and production. Her first prototype was close to the design that she had in mind and since then business has only continued to grow and flourish. Even though her contact eventually left the company she was working with, she continued to work with him through email and skype.As her product line grows, Lisa is happy to recommend Alibaba to other entrepreneurs.Tips from Alibaba.com buyers sellers

Othello, By William Shakespeare - 1728 Words

Love’s Purpose Love has many purposes. Traditionally viewed as wonderful, overcoming emotion, it sometimes take a sinister route. In William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello, the word love has a key role throughout the play. In the opening of the play we are introduced to Othello, the general of the Venetian army, and the supporting characters such as Iago, his coworker, and Desdemona, his wife. A Moor in a European capital, Othello becomes insecure in his position of power, and turns to the false-hearted Iago as a source of advice. Throughout the play a great deal occurs, such as Iago’s vendetta against Othello, which primarily controls the plot, and Desdemona’s struggle with her ideal of love. Although love is one of the most important themes of Othello, the characters manipulate love to disguise their true motives while maintaining the facade of loyalty. Some argue that love is the most important theme of the play, because it drives the plot as well as Othello’s illogi cal jealousy. One could contend endlessly on this argument, but there is far too much proof that love does not motivates the characters’ actions are not rooted in love. If one looks at the surface of the play, it could be written off as love, but a revisit of that reveals that each character has individual reasons and emotions deeper than just the word ‘love’. For example, Iago states â€Å"My lord, you know I love you,† (Act 3.3.134) though he says this Baron 2 purely to deceive Othello, the whole purpose ofShow MoreRelatedOthello, By William Shakespeare957 Words   |  4 Pagesinnocent person kills himself while not knowing the truth. The best example of that would be the play Othello by the great William Shakespeare. As little as a handkerchief could make a difference if it is a symbol for something. In the play Othello by Shakespeare, handkerchief is first introduced by Othello to his beautiful mistress, Desdemona, as a sign of their love. At the end of the play what gets Othello to take extreme measures by the location of the handkerchief. As the symbol of the handkerchiefRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1599 Words   |  7 Pages William Shakespeare’s 16th century play Othello is a duplicitous and fraudulent tale set alternatingly between Venice in act 1, and the island of Cyprus thereafter. The play follows the scandalous marriage between protagonist Othello, a Christian moore and the general of the army of Venice, and Desdemona, a respected and intelligent woman who also happens to be the daughter of the Venetian Senator Brabantio. Shakespeare undoubtedly positions the marriage to be viewed as heroic and noble, despiteRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1218 Words   |  5 PagesIn a historical time period where emphasis was shifting from religion to race and ethnicity, key indicators of differences that perpetuated into racial prejudice and racial ideologies are evident in Othello by William Shakespeare. Although racism was not fully formed at this moment in history, Othello can be interpreted as a representation and an exploration of this shift in ideology. In the past, before this change to ward racial differences, religion was the major segretory factor in signifyingRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare894 Words   |  4 Pagesthose that which occurred in Othello written by William Shakespeare. Throughout the play Othello, we see the struggles of a marriage that is not accepted by their society. Othello is a extremely cherished black general living in a primarily white community. The play begins with Othello secretly becoming married to a white woman named Desdemona. This reasons others who are white to become angry and excuse to dislike this black man further more than they already do. Othello is a downward spiral from loveRead MoreOthello by William Shakespeare790 Words   |  3 PagesThroughout Othello by William Shakespeare, Othello makes numerous poor decisions due to his jealousy. Hitting Desdemona, trusting Iago, and killing Desdemona are among a few of the poor decisions that he makes. The word jealous can be defined as feeling or showing suspicion of som eones unfaithfulness in a relationship. Othello feels suspicious of Desdemona’s and Cassio’s relationship because of the lies that Iago tells him. Many people try to tell Othello the truth but he only believes the wordsRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1923 Words   |  8 Pagesdissatisfaction or complication is shown. Firstly in Othello love is presented as ephemeral and transient while atonement love is presented as unrequited and finally in cat on a hot tin roof love is presented as painful and troublesome due to unreciprocated feelings. The tragic plot of Othello hinges on the potential of the villain, Iago, to deceive other characters, above all Roderigo and Othello, through encouraging them to misinterpret what they see. Othello is prone to Iago s ploys seeing that he himselfRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare941 Words   |  4 Pageswas Williams Shakespeare’s play Othello which depicts the tragedy of Othello, a Morris Captain. What is different about Shakespeare play is that the tragic hero is the black Othello and the villain a white Iago. Therefore, Shakespeare depiction of Othello as a tragic character and Iago as a villain, challenges Elizabethan’s stereotypes regarding individuals of African descent. Shakespeare challenges the stereotypical â€Å"type –casting of the black man† in Elizabethan society by depicting Othello asRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1152 Words   |  5 Pages‘Othello’ was a tragedy of incomprehension at the deepest level of human dealings as no one in the play came to an understanding of himself or any of the surrounding characters. The play ‘Othello’ by William Shakespeare focused on tragedy through the anguish of the main character ‘Othello’ which lead to the suffering and death of numerous characters including himself. Appearance Vs. Reality challenged human dealings within the play ‘Othello’ as no-one came to see anyone’s true self and no-one seesRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pagesprofitable in condition of good and immorality. Othello is presented as good and Iago as evil, but Iago and Othello’s relationship also shares a distrust of their wives. The overall logical argument is based on love, jealousy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their trueRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1140 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Othello† is a play written by William Shakespeare in 1603. In this play, Shakespeare features three major characters: Othello, Iago, and Desdemona. Othello, a black man, and Desdemona, a white venetian secretly eloped in the play. Iago shows racism and prejudice towards their relationship because of their skin colors. In the play, Iago says: â€Å"Even now, now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe. Arise, arise! Awake the snorting citizens with the bell, or else the devil will make a

Classical or Operant Conditioning Essay - 1115 Words

Classical conditioning developed from the findings of Ivan Pavlov, laying the foundations for behaviourism. From this J.B Watson and other behaviourists argued psychology should be indicative of predicting and controlling overt behaviour using the conditional reflex. (Watson, 1994). This essay will describe the important features of classical conditioning, consider their use in explaining pathological behaviour and will be answered using empirical evidence. The earlier part of the essay will focus on the development of the classical conditioning paradigm and cover the following topics: the findings of Ivan Pavlov and the conditional reflex and the components of classical conditioning. The latter part of the essay will cover: the fear†¦show more content†¦In order to induce a conditioned reflex Pavlov paired neutral stimuli, in this case a bell, with the meat powder. Acquisition is the root of learning in classical conditioning whereby the CS is paired several times with the US. The more pairings the more robust the learning as discussed by (Balkenius, 1999). Pavlov observed that after conditioning when the bell rang the dog salivated therefore, the neutral stimuli became conditioned stimuli (CS) and the dog, when presented with the bell would show the reflexive response (CR) salivation. Extinction occurred if the CS is no longer presented with the US. (Dhir, 2007). Conversely, reconditioning counters extinction when pairings are re-presented, this time however, the learning is faster, showing the initial acquisition is not completely removed from the memory of the animal. Spontaneous recovery is a phenomenon of the learned behaviour returning extemporaneously after the animal has rested. Hence the CS is again presented provoking the CR. Generalisation explains response to stimuli that is close to but not an exact match of the original CS. The closer the stimuli are to the original CS the stronger the CR.(Gleitman, Fridlund, Reisberg, 1999) Regarding pathological behaviours (Watson,J.B. Rayner,R, 1920) studied fear responses, believing they could be conditioned into healthy individuals. The study used an emotionally stable infant. The Neutral stimuli was a steel bar and hammer, the US was the whiteShow MoreRelatedClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1204 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as classical conditioning and operant conditioning. These forms of learning are very practical and can be seen and used in everyday life. Classical and operant conditioning are different forms of learning which have importance in everyday life and can be found in advertising, PTSD, and even lifestyle changes. To fully understand the importance of classical and operant conditioning, it is important to first understand what they are and how they are different. Classical conditioningRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1492 Words   |  6 Pages To expand upon the concepts of the two forms of conditioning listed above, three additional principals not previously listed for the sake of convenience are present in both forms of conditioning; these three principals-extinction, spontaneous recovery, and stimulus discrimination-are among the number of basic principals of conditioning that are found in most forms of conditioning. To explain, Extinction refers to the process by which the steady weakening or diminishment of a conditioned responseRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1249 Words   |  5 Pagestwo stimuli or a behavior and a learned stimulus. Associative learning is divided in to two central techniques, classical conditioning and operant condition. Classical and operant conditioning are basic methods of learning and conditioning is used to adapt a behavior or association through a stimuli or consequence (Ciccarelli, 2012). While classical conditioning and operant conditioning are key elements in associative learning, they have significant differences. A clear contrast between the two theoriesRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1693 Words   |  7 Pagesexamples of their work, as well as an exploration into the advantages and disadvantages that some of these approaches possess. Behaviourism is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviours are attained through conditioning. Behaviourists believe conditioning occurs when we interact with the environment and that the environment we are in determines the way we respond to a stimulus. The behaviourist approach believes we learn behaviours through association between response and consequenceRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning913 Words   |  4 PagesClassical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning There are two learning processes that are used, classical condition and operant conditioning. One learning process used is classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response. I found two TV commercials that are excellent examples for classical conditioning. The first commercial I found is an Old Spice commercialRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1146 Words   |  5 Pageslearning is known as conditioning. Conditioning stresses the relationship between stimuli and responses. The two types of conditioning found are Classical conditioning and Operant conditioning. As stated before, learning may occur in different ways but Classical and Operant conditioning are two of several theories on learning which take the behaviorist approach. â€Å"Classical conditioning is an association of one event with another that results in a pattern of behavior.† Operant conditioning however, is â€Å"learningRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning959 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough the experience of something. Two important associative learning styles that I learned that grasped my attention are classical conditioning and operant conditioning. These forms of learning are used everyday, and with that, people can categorize their certain behavior into places in which they fall in. The first type of associative learning is classical conditioning, which was discovered by Ivan Pavlov during an experiment. It is a learning process where a neutral stimulus becomes associatedRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning883 Words   |  4 Pagesexperiments conducted by Ivan Pavlov, B.F Skinner, and various others, our learning process can be--and normally is--significantly influenced by the social and physical world around us. Two particular examples of this are classical conditioning and operant conditioning. â€Å"Classical conditioning occurs when a natural stimulus produces a response after being paired with a stimulus that naturally produces a response† (Schacter). For example, in horror movies suspenseful music tends to precede dramatic eventsRead MoreClassical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning1189 Words   |  5 Pagessimilarities between Classical conditioning and Operant conditioning? Many people believe that Classical and Operant are similar. Several people don’t know what the similarities and differences of Classical and Operant are, several people think it is the same learning method, which in this case I’m going to compare and contrast each behavior and give you information about each one, so you could have a better understanding of each method and what they do. Classical and Operant are very similar to eachRead MoreBehaviorism And Classical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pagesfounders of the theory who are John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner. However, the information will focus more on their early education and known achievements. Furthermore, you will find different theories regarding behaviorism such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning. In order to understand the difference and similarities between the two of them examples have been provided. To fully comprehend in what Behaviorism consists of, modern applications examples of the theory have bee n also included

Controlling Environmental Pollution in UK Free Essays

string(77) " 2005 was successful in bringing about noise reduction in work environments\." Introduction Environmental pollution has been a huge concern since many centuries even in a number of developed nations which were characterized by old civilizations and well settled societies that were later on modified by industrialization and modernization that brought in the need for effective waste disposal and implementation of appropriate and effective measures to reduce the extent of land, water, noise, air and countryside pollution. Noise pollution and air pollution became a major concern only after a few decades following the industrial revolution and attention was given to resolve these issues only after major incidents were witnessed across many places in the world such as the London Smog incident in 1952 that necessitated the country’s parliament to take immediate action and pass legislations (Clay Bassett, 1999, pp. 731-740). We will write a custom essay sample on Controlling Environmental Pollution in UK or any similar topic only for you Order Now River pollution on the other hand also became a great concern at a much later stage when most of the inland rivers had been contaminated with industrial effluents, sewage discharge and untreated wastes. Though the major rivers such as the Thames have become much less polluted and support many fishes after massive efforts that have been taken over the years, other smaller and less popular rivers in interior parts of UK are still being polluted (Farmer, 1997, p. 105). A more detailed introspection of the measures taken by UK is warranted to understand the effects of parliamentary legislations in prohibiting environmental pollution. Controlling Air Pollution Air pollution in UK has been a major concern since many decades and a continuous problem owing to the extent of industrial contaminants, air borne particulate matter and dust. The Dutch Expert committee on Occupational Safety (2010, pp. 20- 74) performed a detailed examination of the level of endotoxins in the air borne atmosphere in various parts of UK. This committee recommended a 90 EU/m3 exposure level to ensure that people do not suffer from respiratory tract diseases due to inhalation of endotoxins though patients with respiratory tract illness, those with asthma and smokers were part of the high risk group. Another regulation that has helped control the release of fluorinated carbons into the atmosphere is the Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Regulations 2009. An effective way to reduce these emissions would be by monitoring the extent of F-Gas Usage and indifferent sectors and in turn controlling their emissions. The Impact assessment carried out by Defra (2009, 1-107) laid down standards for improving checking, labelling, checking leakage, certification and registration for industries mainly associated with fire protection, stationary and mobile air conditioning and refrigeration, high voltage operations, switch gear and solvent cleaning. The Air Standards Regulations 2010 provides a detailed assessment of the emissions of various pollutants and particulate matter that can be controlled as a duty of the state by measuring at multiple points and checking for the effectiveness of pollution prevention protocol implementation. This regulation defines a clear classification of the various kinds of pollutants categorized as hydrocarbons, particulates, metals, effluents, dust, and ozone depleting pollutants and so on. Hence, this has also proven to be an effective measure to help the state take necessary action to curb and check activities that lead to greater atmospheric pollution. At the same time, it provides a detailed review of the steps that are to be taken for appropriate and regular checking as a part of the state’s efforts in regulating polluting activities. These regulations have helped to elucidate the high level of air particulate pollutants in UK and bring their emission under control. Though the improvement in initial stages till early parts of the twenty first century had been less and slow moving, the developments that have occurred over the later decades have shown significant improvements in making UK part of a better pollution controlled league. Controlling Water Pollution Water pollution is another area that has required massive inputs and efforts in the UK. In earlier days, emissions of chemicals and industrial effluents into nearby water bodies were common practise. Due to this, inland rivers and lakes were greatly polluted and contaminated also making them unfit for water borne fishery and marine harvesting. River catchment management and maintaining water quality took utmost priority during the later half of the twenty first century and a number of regulations were formed to ensure that the water is not polluted further and steps were taken to recycle the wastes and contaminants to improve existing water quality. Ground water abstraction, mineral extraction, waste water management for discharge and effluents have posed a huge concern to UK and are now being handled by the river catchment management. The control of Pollution Act in 1974 began to tighten the quality of river water through stringent regulation of water polluting activities and polluting industries. This set up a consent-based system for compliance, regular sample collection, testing and procedures for sample collection. It laid regulations on the volume, site of outfall and nature of discharges. These have been quite successful in reducing the extent of harmful effluents reaching water bodies though extensive efforts are still required to redeem all water bodies and reduce the risks due to pollution and subsequent water body contamination. Farmer explained that Surface water Directive (75/440/EEC) set out the requirements for quality of drinking water and classified as basic filtration, physical and chemical treatment and extensive physical and chemical treatment to distinguish the three major categories of drinking water. When the water is not purified as per these protocols, it is deemed unfit for drinking, is not certified and subsequently looked down and not consumed by the public in UK (1997, p. 107). Controlling Noise Pollution Noise pollution in UK has also been a matter of great concern and the Pollution control act also address these issues. This gave a the society the right to report instances of excessive noise pollution and require the corresponding activities such as work at a construction site to be re-modelled to produce lesser noise. The control of Noise at work Regulations 2005 was successful in bringing about noise reduction in work environments. You read "Controlling Environmental Pollution in UK" in category "Essay examples" According to these regulations, employees have the duty of assessing noise levels at their work places and also required to follow hearing protection guidelines according t which hearing protection must be supplied to workers when the noise level reached 80 db and workers are to compulsorily wear hearing protection gear when the noise level goes any higher and greater than 80db. Controlling Land Pollution Land pollution has been an area of huge concern especially due to waste disposal on land masses. The environment protection act of 1990 set out rules to help the state manage land pollution by allowing local authorities to carry out land inspections to ensure that they are not contaminated and also take necessary action of clean up and waste disposal for land recovery. Many organizations including DEFRA and the Environment agency are devising schemes to bring about better land redemption techniques and their effective implementation. Along with this effective strategies for land filling and biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste management are being framed to better manage land resources and prevent their pollution. Waste Management Waste Management has been an area of huge concern for many decades owing to the volume of wastes produced on a daily basis and the need for effective system of waste segregation, treatment and suitable means of disposal that does not contaminate the ecosystem. Waste management regulations have become increasingly important in imposing stringent guidelines for waste treatment and disposal. This has helped reduce the harmful effects of improper waste disposal and bring in greater responsibility from industries and individuals in managing non-biodegradable and hazardous waste. The Environment Agency (2010, pp. 2-18)in UK has framed a waste sector plan in which a three year evaluation for 2006 to 2009 was carried out and a detailed report to manage wastes was prepared. The Environment agency has also set out a process for waste collection, subsequent treatment, recovering energy materials and products from wastes and disposal using land filling and other methods. These methods also incorporate safety and health preservation as vital aspects. As a result of the sustained efforts, the waste strategy annual progress report given by DEFRA for 2008/90 (p. 4) had shown significant reductions in household waste amounting to about 26%, biodegradable waste land filling to about 8% and a 9% reduction in illegal waste activity such as flytipping. This shows the positive growth that UK has made in the direction of waste management though the management of hazardous waste still proves to be a concern. Animal Life protection and country side preservation Preservation of wild life and country side in UK has been a long sought after need that has been established through laws in recent years. The country side commission in 1989 set out a few methods to ensure that the country side remains unaltered and undisturbed in the future. This has been brought about more extensively by society based organizations that might even be non-governmental such as the Sid Vale Association and other organizations such as the Campaign to protect rural England that have been successful in preserving the green belts in England and sustaining the ecosystem through public initiative. Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations 2000 One of the strong measures adopted against pollutions and its prevention in UK includes the Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations 2000 which details the requirements for installation of treatment plants, using effective techniques, defining pollutants, acquiring relevant permits for working conditions and requirements that emanate pollutants and compensations in relation to off-site conditions. These are important parameters that determine the effectiveness of these regulations to being about pollution control. This set of regulations is common to business setups such as power generation, manufacturing, waste management, intensive pig and poultry farming and other industries related to landfill sites and solvents. This broad classification has helped to bring about streamlining of many areas including emissions to land, water and air, emergency efficiency, waste reduction, raw material consumption, noise, vibration and heat reduction, accident prevention and conditioning the s ite preserve surrounding natural resources. Hence, this has brought about a major compliance standard for industrial and other setups in UK towards environmental preservation and pollution prevention. Assessment A number of regulations and legislative measures have been implemented in UK over a sustained period of time. Though some of these measures may not have materialized as they are difficult to check and assess on a continuous basis, significant improvements have resulted in over all pollution prevention and control. The efficacy of these regulations to act as regulatory and compliance norms for industries has been noteworthy. Especially the regulations that have been set out in the area of water pollution and waste management have been successful in raising the levels of water quality and reducing pollution due to contaminants. Other areas such as air pollution require a much more detailed introspection as they are more extensive in nature when it comes to contributory elements. The steps taken to control air pollution from the point of view of reviewing by state, permits for industrial setups, regulatory compliance for industrial emissions and air quality checking at different points have now evolved into suitable methods to combat the multi faceted aspects of continually increasing variations of air pollutants. The waste management regulations are now being implemented in all industrial sectors and are hence reducing the burden of solid waste and contaminants on the environment through the adoption of appropriate treatment methods. Yet, certain amounts of pollutants eventually reach the water bodies or barren lands which need to be curtailed. The country side preservation has been a more recent initiative and though the originally present natural environment and wild life cannot be regained completely, current efforts will prove to be contributory to improve the existing countryside environment. Conclusion Regulatory measures in the UK to control pollution of water and land have been multi-fold, yet they have not reached every part of the country though they are country wide standards. These measures have been successful in bringing down the levels of water and land pollution to a great extent and have also helped to recover water bodies such as Thames River in UK. The improvements in waste management are also noteworthy. Air pollution is one area that requires extensive planning and continuous appraisal due to a number of factors. Better implementation of the regulations already present and the framing of newer regulations to address other needs in the changing international environment will contribute greatly towards sustained improvement and preservation of the natural environment. REFERENCE LIST: Clay, H, H, Bassett, W, H 1999, Clay’s Handbook of Environmental Health, 18th edition, Taylor Francis, London, UK. Department for Environment food and Rural Affairs, DEFRA, (2000) The Pollution Prevention and Control ( England and Wales) Regulations. London: HMSO. Department for Environment food and Rural Affairs, DEFRA, (2008) Impact Assessment of Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Regulations 2009. London: HMSO Department for Environment food and Rural Affairs, DEFRA, (2009) Waste Strategy: Annual Progress Report 2008/2009. London: HMSO Dutch expert Committee on Occupational Safety (DECOS), a Committee of the Health Council of the Netherlands. Endotoxins: Health-based recommended occupational exposure limit. The Hague: Health Council of the Netherlands, 2010; publication no. 2010/04OSH Environmental Agency, EA (2010) Waste Sector Plan: 3 year progress report 2006-2009. A joint report by the environmental services association and environment agency. London: HMSO Environmental Protection, (2010) The Air Quality Standards Regulation 2010 No 1001. London: HMSO Farmer, A 1997, Managing Environmental Pollution, Routledge Environmental Management Series, Routledge, London, UK. Health and Safety at Work, (2006) The Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005. London: HMSO. How to cite Controlling Environmental Pollution in UK, Essay examples

Viktor Vincej Interview - WordPress Blogging and Digital Nomad Life

Throughout our Pirate Interviews series, weve talked with successful WordPress developers, designers, marketers, CEOs, and podcastersbut never a writer! Today, well change that. In our Viktor Vincej interview, well get insights from a successful WordPress blogger and digital nomad.By the way, if you missed our last interview, you can check it out here: our interview with Matt Medeiros from Matt Report.Viktors lifestyle is far from typical. You wont find him blogging from home, nor will you catch him sitting around an office. Instead, Viktor is jet-setting around the world and living in a different country each month. When we first spoke, he was in one country. Now, hes somewhere else! So how did Viktor get his start as a digital nomad?After two years of working in a more traditional company, Viktor caught the freelancing itch. Though hes involved in a few different projects, blogging turned out to be Viktors most successful venue. Currently, hes writing about WordPress at webcreate.m e. Beyond WebCreate, he also writes on two other websites, as well as his personal blog.Want to learn more about Viktors nomadic life and journey with WordPress? Lets hear it from the man himself! Heres our Viktor Vincej interview:Viktor Vincej InterviewWhen and how did you start working with WordPress? Is there an interesting story here?Viktor Vincej:Well, 5 years ago, when I was studying at UNI, one of my friends was running a WP development company and he was looking for staff for support. He asked me to recommend somebody for a part-time position and I sort of recommended myself, not really knowing all the required skills, not knowing WP at all but I challenged myself.While doing 1st level support (struggling with my poor HTML/CSS and coding skills), I started helping with marketing as well. I turned out to be much better in marketing and a few months later, my boss decided to put me fully on marketing and find a better guy for support.I worked for the company almost 2 years in TOTAL and, after that, I started freelancing as WordPress web designer in the U.S.How many projects are you currently involved in and whats your contribution to each?Viktor Vincej:Im currently working on 3 main projects (WP-based websites) in different industries:WebCreate.Me is a WordPress blog which I started 3 years ago. I manage the whole project apart from writing content. I take care of SEO, social media, content management, monetization, invoicing.Traveling Lifestyle is the magazine for backpackers/digital nomads. My contribution is the same as the above but on much smaller scale. Only a few hours per week.Sydney Happy Deals is an online portal with deals in Sydney (Australia). The co-founder and I are only maintaining the website, building organic traffic and slowly planning the APP development.Freelance activities and my personal blog, ViktorVincej.com. From time to time I do workshops and marketing strategy consultations with clients.Youre doing so many things from differe nt fields. Which one is the most effective when it comes to revenue?Viktor Vincej:Well, for me it has been organic traffic and blogging about WordPress so far. Affiliate marketing is a passive and effective source of revenue but it depends on the project, product, competition, and resources.Now, I can call it passive but 3 years ago it was the total opposite. There was no income and a lot of work.Whats your technique for staying productive throughout the day?Viktor Vincej:Coffee, coffee, coffee 🙂 And apart from that there are a few different ways. Since Im entrepreneur and traveler (digital nomad), I try to have a  routine and a proper workspace. I try to surround myself with like-minded people and when I can  I work from a coworking space or a coworking cafe. I track my work, keep TO DO lists, and use STOPWATCH from time to time.Sometimes, I start my day with a meditation APP which helps me focus or I start with the sport which wakes me up properly. It depends on how I feel in the morning.For long-term productivity, I use tandem mastermind sessions with other entrepreneurs. Last few months with Joe from BrainHive.de.How do you define being successful?Viktor Vincej:For me success is doing/working on something:I truly enjoy,helps me to grow,gives me freedom (time money).What do you like to do when youre not WordPress-ing?Viktor Vincej:I spend lots of time traveling, doing sports and watching inspiring online talks or video blogs. I enjoy networking, drinking good beer, and meeting people around the world.What are the advantages and downsides of being a digital nomad?Viktor Vincej:Advantages are the freedom and experience-rich lifestyle. Its definitely a dream life and every day is special.For me, the downside is the routine and productivity. It might take some time to find a place to live and work in the new country (every month). Its a constant battle 🙂Whos doing things that are just cutting-edge and incredible in the WordPress space rig ht now?Viktor Vincej:Well, I would definitely say that WordPress.org community deserves to be mentioned here because they have been ruling the whole web design industry for years and they are never late with anything (considering its open-source).   I would make WordPress 100% SAFE!  What are your recommendations for a WordPress novice?Viktor Vincej:Never give up on WordPress, its your gate to the ONLINE BUSINESS world. You will learn a lot of things in the community and with WordPress itself. Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

Comparison of the Healthcare System in Singapore and America

Comparison of the Healthcare System in Singapore and America Introduction Singapore is an Asian country that has a population of approximately five million people. The country has one of the most efficient healthcare systems in the world. Since its independence in 1965, the country has taken several steps that have led to significant improvements in its healthcare system. In 1983, the government developed the National Healthcare Plan.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Comparison of the Healthcare System in Singapore and America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The aim of the plan was to provide a roadmap for the development of the healthcare system for the next 20 years (Meng-Kin 17). During this period, the government introduced several programs that targeted various groups of people. In 2002, the government introduced the ElderShield plan. The aim of this program was to improve the healthcare of the elderly and disabled. On the other hand, the US healthcare industry i s more than two centuries old. The US government spends vast sums of money on healthcare provision. Medicaid and Medicare account for the lion’s share of government expenditure on healthcare provision. This necessitates the US government to formulate strategies that would help in reducing the cost of healthcare provision. Increase in the proportion of the elderly to the total population necessitates the US government to take urgent steps to prevent further escalation of the healthcare budget. The US government should formulate a strategy that would help in replicating the strengths of the healthcare system of Singapore in the US healthcare system. Healthcare Regulation Singapore’s healthcare system has three pillars. The healthcare system strives to improve the general health of the population through various preventive healthcare programs. In addition, the healthcare system puts great emphasis on the personal responsibility of individuals towards their healthcare. The government strives to reduce the cost of healthcare services by subsidising healthcare in public health institutions. The Ministry of Health (MOH), Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) and the Central Provident Fund (CPF) are the main health regulators. CPF is a social security savings plan that enables Singapore nationals to support themselves in their old age (Ho 95). On the other hand, the US has one of the most complex healthcare regulations in the world. Numerous agencies help in regulation of healthcare. Healthcare agencies may regulate healthcare at the state or federal level. In addition, the regulators may be private or public.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The United States Department of Health and Human Services and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are the major bodies that cater for the healthcare needs of all American citizens. The Ame rican Medical Association (AMA) is one of the vital private organisations that help in the oversight of healthcare industry (Field 608). In the US, different states may have different agencies that help in regulation of healthcare. Healthcare Delivery Singapore’s healthcare system helps in the delivery of various types of healthcare to the population. Approximately 2000 private hospitals provide 80% of the primary healthcare needs of the population. This shows that the government’s efforts to provide primary healthcare services to the population have been unsuccessful. However, the government provides the bulk of hospital care services. Government healthcare facilities provide approximately 80% of hospital care services. In 2010, there were 8,881 hospital beds in government healthcare facilities (Ministry of Health Singapore para 1). Public health facilities had slightly less than thirteen thousand nurses and approximately 1800 nurses. On the other hand, private health care facilities had 2,268 hospital beds. The number of doctors and nurses in the private healthcare facilities was approximately 3,300 and 5,100 respectively (Ministry of Health Singapore para 2). These statistics show that the government is the dominant player in the provision of hospital care. However, a close analysis of the number of doctors and nurses shows that there are less hospital beds for every healthcare practitioner. The number of hospital beds per healthcare practitioner has a significant effect on the quality of healthcare. This may imply that the quality of healthcare services in private healthcare facilities is higher than in government healthcare facilities. Community hospitals play a key role in healthcare delivery in the US. Community hospitals may be state-owned or investor-owned. Community hospitals are the major healthcare facilities that provide primary and intermediate healthcare services. Most community hospitals tailor their services to meet the healthcare needs of the community (Purves 88). This improves the efficiency of healthcare services of community hospitals. There are 4,973 community hospitals. The total capacity of these community hospitals is 797,403 beds. On the other hand, there are slightly more than 200 federal government hospitals.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Comparison of the Healthcare System in Singapore and America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The total capacity of these hospitals is slightly more 100,000 beds. Therefore, community hospitals are vital in designing various preventive health programs. Most community hospitals have adequate staffing levels that enable them to meet the healthcare needs of the community. Funding Medisave, MediShield, Medifund, and ElderShield are the main medical schemes that help in financing public health in Singapore. Medisave is a social scheme that helps people to save for future healthcare expense s. Medisave caters for hospitalisation expenses and certain outpatient treatments of individuals and their immediate family members. In addition, Medisave may help in paying the premiums of MediShield and Private Medical Insurance Scheme (PMIS). On the other hand, MediShield is primarily a medical insurance scheme that caters for severe health conditions. It caters for partial expenses of prolonged hospitalisation and outpatient treatment of various serious illnesses. ElderShield is a health insurance scheme that caters for people who need long-term care. ElderShield mainly covers the elderly. Medifund is a government endowment fund that acts as a last resort source of funds if Medisave and MediShield are unable to cater for medical expenses. The government replenishes the funds when there is a budget surplus. However, the government is not the only major player in the healthcare insurance industry. Several private health insurance companies provide health insurance to individuals a nd groups (Meng-Kin 19). In the US, it is the duty of employers to ensure that their employees have medical cover. Medicare and Medicaid are the major medical schemes that help in financing public health. Medicare is a healthcare plan that covers the elderly and disabled. On the other hand, Medicaid covers people who have low incomes. Federal funds help in supporting Medicare while state and federal funds support Medicaid. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) is a healthcare regulation that ensures that all Americans have access to healthcare insurance. Access to healthcare insurance enables people to save huge sums of money that they would have used to cater for medical expenses (Pipes 107). People who would like to receive extended healthcare services may enrol in various private healthcare plans.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Healthcare Expenditure Healthcare expenditure as a percentage of GDP is one of methods that help in determining the government’s commitment to improving the health status of the nation. In 2009, Singapore’s ratio of healthcare expenditure as a percentage of GDP was 3.9% (Ho 95). There is a gradual increase in the ratio of direct government expenditure on health through Medifund. On the other, there is a gradual decrease in the social security expenditure on healthcare. In the private sector, out-of-pocket expenditure accounts for a sizeable percentage of healthcare payments (Ho 95). This necessitates the government and the private sector to formulate strategies that would improve access to healthcare insurance. In 2008, the US had the highest healthcare expenditure as a percentage of GDP. The expenditure of the US on healthcare was 16% of its GDP. Medicare and Medicaid accounted for a sizeable percentage of the government spending on healthcare. In addition, out-of-poc ket healthcare expenditure of the US was very high (Squires 2). Conclusion The US has one of the most efficient economic systems in the world. Very few economic systems can rival the US economic system. However, the healthcare system of the US has many flaws. Exponential increase in healthcare costs is one of the major problems that the healthcare system faces. On the hand, Singapore has been able to replicate the efficiency of its economic system to the healthcare system. Despite having significantly lower expenditure on healthcare, Singaporeans are some of the healthiest people on the planet. Copying the healthcare structure of Singapore would enable America save huge sums of money. It would free up money for other activities that would lead to economic development. However, the healthcare systems of the countries face several problems that are unique to each country. Field, Robert I. â€Å"Why is health care regulation so complex?† Pharmacy and Therapeutics. 33.10. (2008) : 607–608. Print. Ho, Lok-sang. Health policy and the public interest. Burlington, MA: Routledge, 2012. Print. Meng-Kin, Lim. â€Å"Health care systems in transition ll. Singapore, part I.† Journal of Public Health Medicine. 20.1. (1998): 16-22. Print. Ministry of Health Singapore. â€Å"Healthcare institution statistics.† Statistics. n.d. Web. Pipes, Sally C. The truth about Obamacare. Washington DC: Regnery Gateway, 2010. Print. Purves, Geoffrey. Primary care centres. Burlington, MA: Routledge, 2012. Print. Squires, David A. â€Å"The U.S. health system in perspective: A comparison of twelve industrialized nations.† The Commonwealth Fund. 16.1. (2011): 1-13. Print.

Vatican City Is an Independent Country

Vatican City Is an Independent Country There are eight accepted criteria used to determine whether an entity is an independent country (also known as a State with a capital s) or not. Let us examine these eight criteria in regard to the Vatican City, a tiny (the smallest in the world) country located entirely within the city of Rome, Italy. The Vatican City is the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church, with over one billion adherents worldwide. Why the Vatican City Counts as a Country 1. Has space or territory that has internationally recognized boundaries (boundary disputes are OK.) Yes, the Vatican City’s boundaries are undisputed even though the country is located entirely within the city of Rome. 2. Has people who live there on an ongoing basis. Yes, the Vatican City is home to approximately 920 full-time residents who maintain passports from their home country and diplomatic passports from the Vatican. Thus, it is as though the entire country is composed of diplomats. In addition to the over 900 residents, approximately 3000 people work at the Vatican City and commute into the country from the greater Rome metropolitan area. 3. Has economic activity and an organized economy. A country regulates foreign and domestic trade and issues money. Somewhat. The Vatican relies on the sale of postage stamps and tourist mementos, fees for admission to museums, and the sale of publications as governmental revenue. The Vatican City issues its own coins. There is not much foreign trade but there is significant foreign investment by the Catholic Church. 4. Has the power of social engineering, such as education. Sure, although there aren’t a lot of kids there! 5. Has a transportation system for moving goods and people. There are no highways, railroads, or airports. The Vatican City is the smallest country in the world. It only has streets within the city, which is 70% of the size of the Mall in Washington D.C. As a landlocked country surrounded by Rome, the country relies on the Italian infrastructure for access to the Vatican City. 6. Has a government that provides public services and police power. Electricity, telephones, and other utilities are provided by Italy. The internal police power of the Vatican City is the Swiss Guards Corps (Corpo della Guardia Svizzera). External defense of the Vatican City against foreign enemies is the responsibility of Italy. 7. Has sovereignty. No other State should have power over the countrys territory. Indeed, and amazingly enough, the Vatican City does have sovereignty. 8. Has external recognition. A country has been voted into the club by other countries. Yes! It is the Holy See which maintains international relations; the term Holy See refers to the composite of the authority, jurisdiction, and sovereignty vested in the Pope and his advisers to direct the worldwide Roman Catholic Church. Created in 1929 to provide a territorial identity for the Holy See in Rome, the State of the Vatican City is a recognized national territory under international law. The Holy See maintains formal diplomatic relations with 174 nations and 68 of these countries maintain permanent resident diplomatic missions accredited to the Holy See in Rome. Most embassies are outside of the Vatican City and are Rome. The other countries have missions located outside Italy with dual accreditation. The Holy See maintains 106 permanent diplomatic missions to nation-states around the world. The Vatican City/Holy See is not a member of the United Nations. They are an observer. Thus, the Vatican City does meet all eight criteria for independent country status so we should consider it as an independent State.

PSY-499 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

PSY-499 - Essay Example Pougnet, et al, (2011) there is significant difference in the cognitive command and social wellbeing of the children who have a longer and close attachment with the male parent In the development of a child from infancy, the immediate environment plays a vital role in defining the cognitive development of the child. This explains the varied behavior of children in various interactive social environments. In respect of the cardinal social input of the male parent to the child’s future behavior, children from parents who are incarcerated tend to differ marginally from the ones with their male parents around their daily life (Dick, 2011). Both the mother and the father have an influence in shaping the psychological development and maturity of the children. Finley & Schwartz,(2007) from their analytical experiments using Statistical tests of significance indicates that the mother plays primary role as far as the infant’s perception of the world is concerned. However as the child grows, the male parent also contribute immensely in his/her interaction with the new world and absorption of various concepts in life. Various scholars have explored the social inadequacies that are likely to erupt in the life of the child in the absence of the male parent. Some of the cases that may lead to this absence are also highlighted with more focus on male incarceration (Menning & Stewart, 2008). The effect of male parent’s absence is two sided in the social life of the child since there is a certain perception such children will develop about the absent fathers and this gradually alters the cognitive and moral interaction of the child in the society. The child’s language skills cannot be learnt from watching infant directed DVD’s or any audio-visual program from the media and it is this point where physical interaction of the male parent through playing with the child come in handy .Coakley,(2013) asserts that children are not able to relate visual objects with real

World Geogrpahy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

World Geogrpahy - Essay Example We begin by reading the testimony of a stampede that took place on Aug. 31, 2005 over a bridge over the Tigris River in Baghdad in which about 1,000 pilgrims lost their lives. Here we get to be introduced to Othman al-Obeidi, a Sunni who lost his life while trying to save Shi’ite from drowning in the river. Shi’ite consider him a martyr, some Sunnis too, while on the other hand a majority of Sunnis believe that he, â€Å"wasted his life for those animals† (Ghosh, p.1). The basic issue here is that there are mixed feelings between people on both ends. Some are friendly, while others have nothing but malice against each other. The origins of this fight began right after the death of Prophet Muhammad, with there being two groups of people; one who wished Muhammad’s Cousin Ali to be the Caliph, while others, the majority wanting Abu Bakr to become Caliph. After some years, a battle in the ground of Karbala took place in which the grandson of Muhammad, namely Hussein was martyred by Yazeed, the son of Muawiyah. Shi’ite mourns the death of Hussein each year on â€Å"Ashura† with â€Å"faithful march in the streets, beating their chests and crying in sorrow. The extremely devout flagellate themselves with swords and whips.† (Ghosh, p.2). Those who remained true to Muawiyah came to be known as Sunnis. Majority of Muslims across the world are Sunnis, but those who feel oppressed by their rulers are always attracted by the Shi’ite belief, which form a majority in countries like Iraq, Iran, Bahrain, Azerbaijan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon and Pakistan. However, no matter how big the population be, it has generally been noted that Sunnis have remained politically in power in all the aforementioned countries (except Iran perhaps). Sunni leaders always upheld their domination by not including Shiites in the armed forces and bureaucracy. The

Slavery Through Christianity :: Religion Love Essays

When Virgil wrote about Aeneus and Dido’s passionate affair, he showed how the unfortunate mixture of lust, love, and divine intervention could result in tormented hearts. The word â€Å"Love† in the context of the above quote refers to the desire the couple felt for each other, an erotic, impulsive force that consumed their lives and made them forget their responsibilities as leaders. Dido’s suicide further shows how this force drove her heart to the extreme. However, I believe that Love in the purest, unselfish sense can drive the heart to the irrational extreme and hence can be applied to the quote as well. Love untainted by sex or base, unruly passions is not typically thought to cause the same results as lust and desire, but this role makes an appearance in Christianity. Just as man becomes a slave to his lusts and passions, Pauline Christians become slaves in their religion because of the Love they have for their God. In order to understand how Christian Love can possibly be compared to lust and desire, this Love must first be defined. The very foundation of Christianity is sacrifice: God sacrificed Jesus and Jesus sacrificed his life. In Romans, Paul said that God sacrificed his only son so that humans could be saved from sin: â€Å"But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us† (Rom. 5:8). The whole doctrine of this religion is based on a god sacrificing something dear to him for someone else as proof of his love for them, not because he expects anything in return. In this way, the concept of the sacrifice is very important in Pauline Christianity. It is not surprising that the sacrifice repeatedly appears in the texts of the New Testament. In Mark, Jesus urges the people to renounce their worldly possessions and family ties (Mark 10:25-30). In Matthew, Jesus commands a disciple to not bury his dead father but to â€Å" Foll ow me, and let the dead bury their own dead,† indicating the lower priority family should have (Matt. 8:22). Additionally, Pauline Christianity says that salvation comes from accepting Christ into the body and dying as he did: I have been crucified with Christ and I no longer live, but Christ lives in me.

Religion Universality

Introduction: Universality or Universalism is a life philosophy not a religion. Universality is grounded on science and tries to fill in the missing spiritual blanks. Universality is about connecting with something bigger outside yourself purely on your own terms as opposed to being told what to believe as in a religion. It’s also about leading a good life and doing good to others because you know it’s the right thing to do not because someone is telling you to. There are many people that find a purely scientific view to be too empty. All religions on the other hand, have great spiritual insight but with many unfounded beliefs thrown in. These beliefs are either the product of the primitive thinking of ancient peoples or attempts to simplify or window-dress the message to attract common people. The goal of Universality is not to replace science and religion but to complement them. Universality is completely dependent on good science. Universality is for those who are let down with their religion or spiritually stymied with their religion. It is also for those of a scientific bent that feel something fundamentally missing from their lives. Universalism, in its primary sense, refers to religious, theological, and philosophical concepts with universal application or applicability. Religion in this context is defined as a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral code governing the conduct of human affairs. The path that leads to peace will be, no doubt, long and arduous, but we cannot even begin the journey until we pass through the gate. Above the gate is the required universal affirmation: â€Å"†On the path that leads to peace we are all members of one human family, brothers and sisters one of another†Ã¢â‚¬ .. The need for a universal religion: Religion, is a matter of inner conviction and an outer way of life is a mere consequence of it. People, as long as they are humans ,have a right to differ from one another in their convictions and are bound to have different ways of life. Religion is a means to end the soul searching desire to seek freedom from mundane activities. There are numerous religions in the world that have differences because they are all the outcome of different traditions and backgrounds. Yet , religion has become, somehow the reason for a variety of conflicts, mass killings, huge protests and sometimes even fruitless wars resulting in bloodshed. The importance of the ‘Universal Religion’ system lies in the fact that it is a moral principle that needs no imposing or instruction. People need not sacrifice or renounce their religion†¦ rather follow a basic set of rules in their day-to-day life which will help them run their lives smoothly. This concept needs no preaching.. for, it is based on the HUMAN BEING.. and the inner sense-conscience. The sixth sense-rational mind helps us distinguish the right from wrong. Yet we find many, killing their own conscience for brutal reasons. It is when such activities take place .. the need for a new way of life, a new well-constructed path, arises. DISADVANTAGES OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM: As we all know, the present system of religion has created many a division among people ,though science and technology are rapidly growing. Some of the major disadvantages of the existing system are listed below. ?Religions don’t match upto feelings. ?Beliefs don’t match reality. ?Sometimes, strict adherence to principles can stand in the way of common sense. ?Religions separate. Just as religions are able to bring people together, it can create a huge gap between them too- of different religions. For they all ‘believe', but they still see only the differences, and not the similarities. Sometimes, depending on the formal teachings and practices of some religions, there is a tendency to restrict free and open inquiry on a variety of subjects that include philosophy, politics, culture, medicine and the sciences in general. In place of open inquiry some religions teach that there is material (like the Bible and other writings considered sacred) that covers all that is important, for example, regarding the formation of the universe or the beginnings of humankind. Inquiry into these questions that follows a line contrary to the religion's teaching is considered not only futile but inherently bad. This disadvantage in no way applies to all religions everywhere. The rules for the new system: In order that the above mentioned disadvantages are solved,a new set of rules have been compiled. The speciality lies in the fact that ,this is not a religion yet a life philosophy. Every new religion was started to address the above issues. Yet, the basic aim is to remove the divide termed ‘religion’. The various simple rules to be followed are: ?Treat others as you would like to be treated. ?Help yourself enough so that you may best help others. ?Right thought Right speech ?Right action ?You are the planet’s keeper. ?Tell the whole truth and nothing but the truth ?Keep your agreements. ?Respect one and all. ?Never go against your own conscience. ?Never kill. Conclusion: The above system will ,in all ways prove to be an advantage. We hope that the above mentioned rules will help mankind to lead a life rich in kindness and moral values. Hoping that the above mentioned ru les address the present chaotic religious scenario , we conclude that we are not here to preach,but to patron practice. ***********************

Analysis of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Essay - 3051 Words

Introduction Reason for choosing the theme Literature plays an important part in our life. Readers through literature can gain pleasure, or develops taste and perception. Each nation has its own literature because literature reflects its own national history, cultural tradition, customs, languages and ways of living. So do English and American. Being a student of English, it is useful for me to study English and American literature. Through the literature words I can know more about history, tradition, customs and people of these countries. Especially, my knowledge of language will be also improved. American literature is very young, though, it is independent from British literature and in fact, it has established its own†¦show more content†¦I hope my small study on analyzing the character in the literature work will be helpful for me in enjoying and perceiving literature. In my writing, I only have the wish to talk about the character Tom Sawyer and his characteristic through The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Chapter I. Literary theory I.1. What is literature? There are different definitions of literature depending on how we enjoy it. But the most popular is literature is humanity of M.Gorki. Why is this definition widely-known like that? Literature, in the other words, is a great mirror that reflects life. There are all matters of life. So literature is regarded to be a twin of the real world, built up from materials from real life and it, in turn, makes attribution to the decoration of life. Literature makes man more humane. Time can destroy everything but literature. A long with time, literature work becomes more and more valuable and closer to life. It not only helps us value our life but also gives us a bunker, more sympathetic insight into the people and lives in the past as well as the future. Life is fresh, so is literature. In short, life is the source of literature and literature is the most beautiful of littering jewel to life. Literature is noble, as much as all of those who create it such as writers, poets...They are, to som e extent, skillful, talented workers, who try their best to make our best literary worksShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis Of The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer904 Words   |  4 PagesThe Adventures of Tom Sawyer Critical Analysis â€Å"Sometimes problems don’t require a solution to solve them, instead they require maturity to outgrow them.† (1). Eventually in life we will have to grow up and face our problems maturely, and it’s a large price to pay. In The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Tom faces a challenge of maturity. The question is, did Tom mature socially or morally more? My thesis is Tom matured morally over socially in the book, due to how much he doesn’t learn to obey thoseRead MoreAnalysis Of Mark Twain s Adventures Of Tom Sawyer1273 Words   |  6 PagesMark Twain’s Adventures of Tom Sawyer addresses the fear of the citizens of the newly reborn nation after the war between the states and what changes await for them, in correlation to the children as the fearful citizens and their exposure to society or the adult world as the reborn nation. Children fear of what lies ahead in the adult world as the citizens of the reborn nation fear what exists in a united nation. Twa in’s sepulchral imagery conjures up the spine-chilling mood of a child when facedRead MoreAnalysis Of Mark Twain s The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer As Well1350 Words   |  6 Pagessense of humor to criticize the 19th society in America’s and propagate his ideal world through The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. 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TheRead MoreTom Sawyer Analysis Essay828 Words   |  4 PagesHonors 5 January 2012 Character Analysis of Tom Sawyer (The Adventures of Tom Sawyer) Tom Sawyer is a complex character that represents the journey from childhood to adulthood that we all have experienced. The character development that Tom goes through during The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is long and sometimes inconsistent due to the episodic nature of the novel, but his character traits remain along with the overall message. Throughout the story, Tom Sawyers main characteristics/traitsRead MoreLiterary Analysis Term Paper for Tom Sawyer : a Classic Novel771 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis Term Paper for Tom Sawyer: A Classic Novel Mark Twain’s book is a novel that follows the juvenile life of a small boy. You will see how much fun the main character, Tom, and his friends have by skipping school, fishing, swimming, and using with their imaginations to have a good time. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is a classic novel for many reasons. The plot gives us an idea about how people lived in the era the book takes place in. Readers enjoy the book because they can relateRead MoreThe Adventures Of Tom Sawyer . __________________. A Book1061 Words   |  5 PagesTHE ADVENTURES OF TOM SAWYER __________________ A Book Review Presented to Mr. Parsons and Mrs. Amy Lack Woodville High School __________________ U.S. History I and English 10 __________________ by Arian Campbell April 19, 2017 The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain is a 271-page novel. Tom is a boy, and merely and exactly an ordinary boy on the moral side. What makes him delightful to the reader is that on the imaginative side he is very much more, andRead MoreMark Twain s Adventures Of Tom Sawyer1586 Words   |  7 Pagessetting, characters, and plot of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer are closely related to Mark Twain’s own life experiences. The fictional town of St. Petersburg very closely resembles Twain’s childhood home in a small town in Missouri, because of the Mississippi River (Stanley 1). He remembers both the ups and downs of his childhood and conveys these in the novel (Higgins). Many of his memories of living by the Mississippi river are displayed in this novel as Tom has several encounters with rivers (â€Å"MarkRead MoreAnalysis Of The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn 1679 Words   |  7 Pages1. Analysis of an Important Character Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a story about growing up, facing the world, and fighting for what’s right. Huckleberry Finn matures greatly throughout the book, and Tom Sawyer plays an important role in showing this change. His character allows the reader to see Huck’s increase in maturity throughout the story. Tom is the constant, his immaturity not changing from the beginning to the end of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, while Huck is the changing variableRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn 1332 Words   |  6 PagesMicaela Soriano AP Lit Period 2 Mr. Etheridge Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Cheat Sheet Title: Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Author: Mark Twain Publication: December 10, 1884 Setting and Time period: The setting throughout the story mainly takes place along areas by the Mississippi River, and as stated in the book, â€Å"Forty to Fifty Years ago†. Characters: Huckleberry Finn - The protagonist and narrator of the novel. Huck is the thirteen-year-old son of the local drunk of St. Petersburg, Missouri